Proposition de délinéation des volumes cibles tumoraux et sélection des aires ganglionnaires des cancers de la glande parotide

Salivary glands tumours are uncommon tumours showing a large diversity of histological types. This article presents a synthesis of patterns and paths of invasion of parotid glands tumours in order to propose an approach of the delineation of primary tumour clinical target volumes and of the selection of lymph nodes target volumes. This article does not discuss treatment indications but defines clinical target volumes to treat if radiotherapy is indicated. Postoperative situation being the most frequent, the delineation of primary tumour clinical target volume is based on an anatomical approach.     

A prospective,double-blind,randomized, placebo-controlled study on the efficacy and safety of influenza vaccination in myasthenia gravis

Objective

To investigate the efficacy and safety of an influenza vaccination in patients with myasthenia gravis with acetylcholine receptor antibodies (AChR MG).

Differential Expression of PD-L1 Between Sporadic and VHL-Associated Hereditary Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Its Correlation With Clinicopathological Features

Background

Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is a potential predictive biomarker for immunotherapy in several malignancies. However, the expression level and clinical significance of PD-L1 in von Hippel–Lindau (VHL)-associated hereditary clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain unclear.

Mailed fecal immunochemical test outreach for colorectal cancer screening: Summary of a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention–sponsored Summit

Uptake of colorectal cancer screening remains suboptimal. Mailed fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) offers promise for increasing screening rates, but optimal strategies for implementation have not been well synthesized. In June 2019, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened a meeting of subject matter experts and stakeholders to answer key questions regarding mailed FIT implementation in the United States. Points of agreement included: 1) primers, such as texts, telephone calls, and printed mailings before mailed FIT, appear to contribute to effectiveness; 2) invitation letters should be brief and easy to read, and the signatory should be tailored based on setting; 3) instructions for FIT completion should be simple and address challenges that may lead to failed laboratory processing, such as notation of collection date; 4) reminders delivered to initial noncompleters should be used to increase the FIT return rate; 5) data infrastructure should identify eligible patients and track each step in the outreach process, from primer delivery through abnormal FIT follow-up; 6) protocols and procedures such as navigation should be in place to promote colonoscopy after abnormal FIT; 7) a high-quality, 1-sample FIT should be used; 8) sustainability requires a program champion and organizational support for the work, including sufficient funding and external policies (such as quality reporting requirements) to drive commitment to program investment; and 9) the cost effectiveness of mailed FIT has been established. Participants concluded that mailed FIT is an effective and efficient strategy with great potential for increasing colorectal cancer screening in diverse health care settings if more widely implemented.     

盐酸氨溴索联合排痰仪与大剂量盐酸氨溴索联合支气管镜对老年重症肺炎疗效的Meta分析

目的比较正常剂量盐酸氨溴索联合排痰仪与大剂量盐酸氨溴索联合支气管镜在治疗老年重症肺炎中的临床疗效。方法通过计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science、CNKI、万方数据库、维普数据库和中国生物医学文献服务系统,搜索国内外公开发表的有关盐酸氨溴索联合排痰仪与大剂量盐酸氨溴索联合支气管镜治疗老年重症肺炎的相关文章,检索时限从建库起到2019年5月。分别由两名作者根据文献纳入和排除标准对文献进行筛选以及数据提取,使用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果经筛选后共有27篇文献最终被纳入分析。Meta分析结果表明,大剂量盐酸氨溴索联合支气管镜治疗能减少患者ICU住院时间(MD=-1.84,95%CI:-2.21～-1.48)、呼吸机使用时间(MD=-3.93,95%CI:-4.17～-3.69)、治疗期间死亡率(O^R=0.42,95%CI:0.33～0.53)、急性生理学与慢性健康状况(APACHEⅡ)评分(MD=-0.67,95%CI:-1.05～-0.29)、多器官功能衰竭(MOF)发生率(O^R=0.41,95%CI:0.32～0.53)、C反应蛋白(CRP)浓度(MD=-10.35,95%CI:-11.29～-9.41)以及血清降钙素原(PCT)浓度(MD=-0.37,95%CI:-0.40～-0.33),增加患者动脉血氧分压(PaO_2)(MD=4.85,95%CI:3.83～5.86)、经皮动脉血氧饱和度(SpO_2)(MD=6.47,95%CI:5.65～7.29)和氧合指数(OI)(PaO_2/FiO_2)(MD=31.88,95%CI:29.21～34.54)。结论大剂量使用盐酸氨溴索联合支气管镜治疗老年重症肺炎是安全可行的,且与常规治疗方法相比,在所测指标中均具有一定的优势,有望成为治疗老年重症肺炎的优先选择。